Sure thing... though my explanation (mostly) won't be about measured data (I wasn't able to find any), only about the theory and predictions I can make from it.
There are three factors that I expect to make differences: evaporation, stability, and affinity for water.
Evaporation - within a series of similar substances, the lighter the molecules, the more easily it evaporates. Faster evaporation will mean you'll get a bigger dose from a hit, and you'll go through a bottle faster. Lighter molecules are those with fewer heavy (non-hydrogen) atoms, so isopropyl > isobutyl > isopentyl / cyclopentyl > cyclohexyl.
Stability - the bond between the nitrite and the carbon atom where it attaches is rather weak. When it breaks, the molecule breaks down, and this is also how it releases the nitric oxide (NO) molecule that causes the effect of the poppers. So, a weaker bond will mean they have a somewhat faster effect in the body (probably doesn't matter much, as it's very fast anyway) and also that they go bad faster (which can be slowed by keeping them in the freezer). The property that matters here is how many other carbons are attached to the one with the nitrite, and in this group we have molecules with one or two. Those with two have the weaker bond, so the order here (less stable to more) is isopropyl / cyclopentyl / cyclohexyl (all 2) > isobutyl / isopentyl (each 1).
Affinity for water - the greater the affinity for water, the greater the tendency of the liquid to absorb moisture, which then reacts with the poppers to degrade them. The carbon part of the molecule tends to have a low affinity for water (think oil and water), so the smaller molecules (which have more nitrogen/oxygen part per carbon) have the greater water affinity. So the order here winds up being the same as for evaporation, isopropyl > isobutyl > isopentyl / cyclopentyl > cyclohexyl.
Of course, some of these are banned in various jurisdictions, so what you can get may vary by location as well.
Happy snorting! 🐷